Understanding Your Options
When it comes to HVAC for a new building or a major renovation, the fundamental choice is between a centralised system that serves the entire building from a single plant room, or a distributed approach using individual split or multi-split units. Each has distinct advantages depending on the building type, budget, and operational requirements.
Centralised HVAC Systems
How it works: A central chiller plant produces chilled water that is distributed via pipes to air handling units (AHUs) or fan coil units (FCUs) throughout the building.
Best for: Large commercial buildings, hotels, hospitals, shopping malls, and multi-floor offices above 5,000 sq ft.
Advantages:
- Superior energy efficiency at scale — large chillers have much higher COP than multiple split units
- Centralised maintenance and monitoring
- No outdoor units on facade — better aesthetics
- Better humidity control and indoor air quality
- Longer operational life (15-25 years)
Disadvantages:
- Higher upfront capital cost
- Requires dedicated plant room space
- All zones affected if central plant fails
Split / Multi-Split Systems
How it works: Individual outdoor condensing units are connected to one or more indoor units. Each zone is independently controlled.
Best for: Smaller offices, retail units, restaurants, residential properties, and buildings where phased installation is preferred.
Advantages:
- Lower upfront cost
- Quick and easy installation
- Zone-by-zone failure — one unit failure doesn't affect others
- Flexible — can expand incrementally
Disadvantages:
- Multiple outdoor units — aesthetic and space challenges
- Less energy efficient at large scale
- Higher long-term maintenance cost per unit
Our Recommendation Process
At Sunil Engineering and Systems, we analyse your building size, occupancy, budget, and long-term operational costs before recommending the optimal HVAC strategy. Contact us for a free consultation and detailed proposal.
